TYPES OF INFERENCES or CONCLUSIONS:
Immediate- An immediate inference is an inference which can be made from only one statement or proposition.
Mediate- Definition of mediate inference. :a logical inference drawn from more than one proposition or premise — compare syllogism. To derive Conclusion one must merge two or more statements
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Immediate Inferences are of two types:
Implication- Subject and predicate remain same
If we convert A into I
All Cars are Rats-Some Cars are Rats
If we convert E into O
No Cars are Rats- Some Cars are not Rats
We cannot Implicate I and O
|
A |
I |
|
E |
|
|
I |
X |
|
O |
X |
|
Positive |
Negative |
|
|
Universal |
A All Cars are Rats |
E No Cars are Rats |
|
Particular |
I Some Cars are Rats |
O Some Cars are not Rats |
Conversion- Subject is converted into predicate and predicate is converted into Subject
A into I
All Cars are Rats–Some Rats are Cars
E into E
No Cars are Rats- No Rats are Cars
I into I
Some Cars are Rats- Some Rats are Cars
We cannot convert O
|
A |
I |
|
E |
E |
|
I |
I |
|
O |
X |
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